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EN 54-x
EN standard
Reference	EN 54-x
Status	Published
Title	Fire detection and fire alarm systems
Committee	CEN/TC 72
Work Item	various
Directives	305/2011, 89/106/EEC
Citation in OJEU	305/2011 (C 226, 2015-07-10)
CE marking	Yes

Look up en-54 or en54 in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

The EN 54 Fire detection and fire alarm systems is a series of European standards that includes product standards and application guidelines for fire detection and fire alarm systems as well as voice alarm systems.

The product standards define product characteristics, test methods and performance criteria against which the effectiveness and reliability of every component of fire detection and fire alarm system can be assessed and declared.

Many of the product standards of the EN 54 series are harmonised standards under the Construction Products Regulation (CPR) EU 305/2011. Annex ZA of the harmonised standards specifies which sections of the standard apply for the purposes of the CPR. Annex ZA also describes the two-stage certification:

certification of constancy of performance for the product (product certification) and
certification of conformity of factory production control (FPC certification)

This standard series is partly used around the world in several countries outside of European Union, for example in Latin American countries, Brasil, African and Asian countries and several islands in the Pacific Ocean.

History [edit]

The standardization topics relating to fire protection were among the first dealt with by CEN. This is obvious since CEN numbers the European standards in numerical ascending order according to the date of project registration. The standard on fire classes is numbered EN 2^[1] and the series of standards on portable fire extinguishers is numbered EN 3.^[2] The European standardization on fire detection and fire alarm systems started already in the 1970s. EN 54-1 and EN 54-5 were issued in 1976.^[3] ^[4]

Technical Committee CEN/TC72 Automatic fire detection system and fire alarm [edit]

The EN 54 series has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC72 "Automatic fire detection system and fire alarm" of the European Committee for Standardization (CEN, French: Comité Européen de Normalisation).

How EN54 are made in the EU

The figure shows some examples of national mirror technical committees.^[5]

EN 54 Standard Series [edit]

EN 54, Fire detection and fire alarm systems, has been published in a number of parts:^[6] ^[7]

General [edit]

EN 54 part 1 Introduction^[8]
EN 54 part 13 Compatibility and connectability assessment of system components

Control panels and power supply [edit]

EN 54 part 2 Control and indicating equipment (Fire alarm control panel)
EN 54 part 4 Power supply equipment
EN 54 part 16 Voice alarm control and indicating equipment

Detectors [edit]

EN 54 part 5 Heat detectors - Point heat detectors
EN 54 part 7 Smoke detectors - Point smoke detectors using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization
EN 54 part 10 Flame detectors - Point detectors
EN 54 part 12 Smoke detectors - Line detectors using an optical light beam
EN 54 part 20 Aspirating smoke detectors
EN 54 part 22 Resettable line type heat detectors
EN 54 part 26 Point fire detectors using carbon monoxide sensors
EN 54 part 27 Duct smoke detectors
EN 54 part 28 Non-resettable line-type heat detectors
EN 54 part 29 Multi-sensor fire detectors - Point detectors using a combination of smoke and heat sensors
EN 54 part 30 Multi-sensor fire detectors - Point detectors using a combination of carbon monoxide and heat sensors
EN 54 part 31 Multi-sensor fire detectors - Point detectors using a combination of smoke, carbon monoxide and optionally heat sensors

Alarm devices [edit]

EN 54 part 3 Fire alarm devices - Sounders
EN 54 part 23 Fire alarm devices - Visual alarm devices
EN 54 part 24 Component of voice alarm systems - Loudspeakers

Other devices [edit]

EN 54 part 11 Manual call point
EN 54 part 17 Short circuit isolators
EN 54 part 18 Input/output devices
EN 54 part 21 Alarm transmission and fault warning routing equipment
EN 54 part 25 Components using radio links

Planning, design and installation [edit]

CEN/TS 54-14 Guidelines for planning, design, installation, commissioning, use and maintenance (of fire detection and fire alarm systems)
CEN/TS 54-32 Guidelines for the planning, design, installation, commissioning, use and maintenance of voice alarm systems

Voice alarm systems [edit]

EN 54 part 16 Voice alarm control and indicating equipment
EN 54 part 24 Component of voice alarm systems - Loudspeakers
CEN/TS 54-32 Guidelines for the planning, design, installation, commissioning, use and maintenance of voice alarm systems

Withdrawn parts [edit]

EN 54 part 6 Heat detectors; Rate-of-Rise point detectors without a static element
EN 54 part 8 Components of automatic fire detection systems. Specification for high temperature heat detectors
EN 54 part 9 Components of automatic fire detection systems. Methods of test of sensitivity to fire

Test fires of EN 54 [edit]

The test fires TF1 to TF8 are used to test the fire sensitivity of the fire detectors according to the standard series EN 54.

The combustibles selected represent a spectrum of large and small combustion particles for both grey and black smoke. These include burning liquids, plastics and cellulosic (wood) materials, and glowing and smouldering fabrics.^[9]

Test fires TF1 to TF8 according to EN 54^[10]
	Fire type	Combustible	Heat development	Upward flow	Smoke development	Aerosol spectrum	Visible part
TF1	open cellulosic fire	wood	strong	strong	yes	mainly invisible	dark
TF2	Smoldering pyrolysis fire	wood	negligible	weak	yes	visible	bright
TF3	glowing (smoldering) fire	cotton	negligible	very weak	yes	mainly invisible	bright
TF4	open plastics fire	polyurethane	strong	strong	yes	mainly invisible	very dark
TF5	liquid fire	n-heptane	strong	strong	yes	mainly invisible	very dark
TF6	liquid fire	methylated spirit	strong	strong	no	none	none
TF8	liquid fire	decalene	negligible	weak	yes	mainly invisible	very dark

For smoke detectors according to EN 54-7 and fire detectors with smoke sensor (parts 12, 20 and 30 of EN 54) the test fires TF2, TF3, TF4 and TF5 are used. The EN 54-20 defines the following test fires with reduced fuel quantity for aspirating smoke detectors with enhanced or very high sensitivity (class A or B):

TF2A and TF2B
TF3A and TF3B
TF5A and TF5B

For flame detectors according to EN 54-10, the liquid fires TF5 and TF6 are used. TF5 (n-heptane) produces a yellow sooty flame and TF6 (methylated spirits) produces a clear invisible flame.

For CO fire detectors according to EN 54-26, the smoldering fires TF2 and TF3 are used.

For duct smoke detectors according to EN 54-27 the test fires TF2, TF4 and TF8 are used.

For multi-sensor fire detectors according to EN 54-29 and EN 54-31, the test fires TF1, TF2, TF3, TF4, TF5 and TF8 are used.

References [edit]

^ "BS EN 2:1992, Classification of fires".
^ "BS EN 3 - Portable fire extinguishers".
^ "BS 5445-1:1977, EN 54-1:1976".
^ "BS 5445-5:1977, EN 54-5:1976".
^ "CEN". cen.eu.
^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 9 July 2011. Retrieved 5 August 2011. CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
^ Becky Reid. "BS EN 54 Standards". the Fire Industry Association ("FIA").
^ "BSI Shop - Buy British Standards".
^ "ISO/TS 7240-9:2012, Fire detection and alarm systems — Part 9: Test fires for fire detectors". ISO.
^ "EN 54 Test fires (in German)" (PDF). BHE.